javascript - “属性 _ 在 _ 类型上不存在” D3.js TypeScript 错误在 Ionic 2 项目中
我正在尝试向一个 Ionic 2 项目添加一个简单的 D3.js 条形图。
我导入了 d3 并按如下方式安装了类型定义:
npm install d3
npm install @types/d3 --save-dev --save-exact
我在该页面的 TS 文件中添加了以下内容:
import * as d3 from 'd3'
当运行 ionic serve 时,它可以毫无问题地找到定义文件。当我尝试以下这样的简单图表示例时,它也能毫无问题地工作:
var sampleSVG = d3.select("#chart")
.append("svg")
.attr("width", 100)
.attr("height", 100);
sampleSVG.append("circle")
.style("stroke", "gray")
.style("fill", "white")
.attr("r", 40)
.attr("cx", 50)
.attr("cy", 50)
.on("mouseover", function(){d3.select(this).style("fill", "aliceblue");})
.on("mouseout", function(){d3.select(this).style("fill", "white");});
然而,当我尝试以下条形图示例(在这里找到)时,它不起作用:
var svg = d3.select("svg"),
margin = {top: 20, right: 20, bottom: 30, left: 40},
width = +svg.attr("width") - margin.left - margin.right,
height = +svg.attr("height") - margin.top - margin.bottom;
var x = d3.scaleBand().rangeRound([0, width]).padding(0.1),
y = d3.scaleLinear().rangeRound([height, 0]);
var g = svg.append("g")
.attr("transform", "translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")");
d3.tsv("data.tsv", function(d) {
d.frequency = +d.frequency;
return d;
}, function(error, data) {
if (error) throw error;
x.domain(data.map(function(d) { return d.letter; }));
y.domain([0, d3.max(data, function(d) { return d.frequency; })]);
g.append("g")
.attr("class", "axis axis--x")
.attr("transform", "translate(0," + height + ")")
.call(d3.axisBottom(x));
g.append("g")
.attr("class", "axis axis--y")
.call(d3.axisLeft(y).ticks(10, "%"))
.append("text")
.attr("transform", "rotate(-90)")
.attr("y", 6)
.attr("dy", "0.71em")
.attr("text-anchor", "end")
.text("Frequency");
g.selectAll(".bar")
.data(data)
.enter().append("rect")
.attr("class", "bar")
.attr("x", function(d) { return x(d.letter); })
.attr("y", function(d) { return y(d.frequency); })
.attr("width", x.bandwidth())
.attr("height", function(d) { return height - y(d.frequency); });
});
我得到一份未定义的 TypeScript 错误列表(即使 D3 v4 的定义文件已成功导入):
[11:54:14] typescript: src/pages/page1/page1.ts, line: 35
Property 'frequency' does not exist on type 'DSVRowString'.
L34: d3.tsv("data.tsv", function(d) {
L35: d.frequency = +d.frequency;
L36: return d;
[11:54:14] typescript: src/pages/page1/page1.ts, line: 35
Property 'frequency' does not exist on type 'DSVRowString'.
L34: d3.tsv("data.tsv", function(d) {
L35: d.frequency = +d.frequency;
L36: return d;
[11:54:14] typescript: src/pages/page1/page1.ts, line: 40
Property 'letter' does not exist on type 'DSVRowString'.
L40: x.domain(data.map(function(d) { return d.letter; }));
L41: y.domain([0, d3.max(data, function(d) { return d.frequency; })]);
[11:54:14] typescript: src/pages/page1/page1.ts, line: 41
The type argument for type parameter 'T' cannot be inferred from the usage. Consider specifying the type
arguments explicitly. Type argument candidate 'DSVRowString' is not a valid type argument because it is not
a supertype of candidate 'string'.
L40: x.domain(data.map(function(d) { return d.letter; }));
L41: y.domain([0, d3.max(data, function(d) { return d.frequency; })]);
[11:54:14] typescript: src/pages/page1/page1.ts, line: 59
Argument of type 'DSVParsedArray<DSVRowString>' is not assignable to parameter of type '(this: BaseType,
datum: {}, index: number, groups: ArrayLike<BaseType> | BaseType[]) => {}[]'. Type
'DSVParsedArray<DSVRowString>' provides no match for the signature '(this: BaseType, datum: {}, index:
number, groups: ArrayLike<BaseType> | BaseType[]): {}[]'
L58: g.selectAll(".bar")
L59: .data(data)
L60: .enter().append("rect")
[11:54:14] transpile failed
答案#1
作为一种变通方法,我只是直接在模型文件中使用了 declare var d3: any;(在这个例子中是 src/pages/page1/page1.ts)。要使用这种方法,我必须手动在 src/index.html 中插入 <script src="d3.v3.min.js"></script>,而不是通过 Node 导入。
答案#2
简短的答案是,你还没有告诉 TypeScript 你的回调函数中参数的类型。如何做到这一点通常比较棘手,所以我觉得有用的方法是查看类型定义文件的单元测试。在这种情况下,请参见这里。未经测试,但最终看起来会是这样的:
interface ChartData {
frequency: string;
letter: number;
}
d3.tsv("data.tsv", function(d) {
let rr: d3Dsv.DSVRowString = d;
let pr: ChartData;
pr = {
frequency: +rr['frequency'],
letter: rr['letter']
};
return pr;
}, function(error, data:Array<ChartData>) {
...
}
