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javascript - angular：调用 el.setAttribute 会导致错误

我正在尝试在每个元素（标记为 el）内设置一个新的属性（定义为 'data-num'），该元素引用 [ngDN]（作为指令 NgDNDirective 的实例）。

概念：

下面的代码解释了 NgDNDirective 的预期工作方式：

  1. TS 部分：

    import { Directive, Input, ElementRef, Renderer2, EventEmitter } from '@angular/core';

@Directive({
  selector: '[ngDN]'
})
export class NgDNDirective {

  private dn: number = -1

  @Input() set ngDN(dn: number) {
    this.dn = dn
  }

  @Input() set EV(ref: {ev: EventEmitter<void>}) {
    ref.ev.subscribe(() => {
      console.log('data-num:', this.dn)
      this.renderer.setAttribute(this.elRef, 'data-num', this.dn.toString())
    })
  }

  constructor(private elRef: ElementRef,
              private renderer: Renderer2) {}

}

@Directive({
  selector: '[ngLoop]'
})
export class NgLoopDirective {

  @Input() set ngLoop(iter_count: number) {
    this.container.clear()
    for (let i=0; i<iter_count; i++) {
      let ee: EventEmitter<void> = new EventEmitter<void>()
      let ref = {ev: ev}
      let ev = this.container.createEmbeddedView(this.template, {index: i, ev: ref})
      ev.detectChanges()
      ee.emit()
    }
  }

  constructor(private template: TemplateRef<any>,
              private container: ViewContainerRef) {}

}

  2. HTML 部分：

    <ng-template [ngLoop]="10" let-i="index" let-ref="ev">
  <a href="#" [ngDN]="i" [EV]="ref"></a>
</ng-template>

问题：

运行测试后，控制台显示以下信息：

  
data-num: 0

  
  
ERROR TypeError: el.setAttribute is not a function Stack trace:
  ../../../platform-browser/@angular/platform-browser.es5.js/DefaultDomRenderer2.prototype.setAttribute@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:78803:13
  ../../../core/@angular/core.es5.js/http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:66266:9
  set/<@http://localhost:8888/main.bundle.js:869:17
  ../../../core/@angular/core.es5.js/http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:56260:36
  ../../../../rxjs/Subscriber.js/SafeSubscriber.prototype.__tryOrUnsub@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:1558:13
  ../../../../rxjs/Subscriber.js/SafeSubscriber.prototype.next@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:1505:17
  ../../../../rxjs/Subscriber.js/Subscriber.prototype._next@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:1445:9
  ../../../../rxjs/Subscriber.js/Subscriber.prototype.next@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:1409:13
  ../../../../rxjs/Subject.js/Subject.prototype.next@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:1153:17
  ../../../core/@angular/core.es5.js/http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:56234:54
  set@http://localhost:8888/main.bundle.js:928:17
  updateProp@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:63715:5
  checkAndUpdateDirectiveInline@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:63407:19
  checkAndUpdateNodeInline@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:64945:17
  checkAndUpdateNode@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:64884:16
  debugCheckAndUpdateNode@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:65745:38
  debugCheckDirectivesFn@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:65686:13
  View_HomeComponent_4/<@ng:///AppModule/HomeComponent.ngfactory.js:121:9
  debugUpdateDirectives@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:65671:12
  checkAndUpdateView@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:64851:5
  callViewAction@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:65216:21
  execEmbeddedViewsAction@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:65174:17
  checkAndUpdateView@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:64852:5
  callViewAction@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:65216:21
  execComponentViewsAction@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:65148:13
  checkAndUpdateView@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:64857:5
  callViewAction@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:65216:21
  execEmbeddedViewsAction@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:65174:17
  checkAndUpdateView@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:64852:5
  callViewAction@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:65216:21
  execComponentViewsAction@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:65148:13
  checkAndUpdateView@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:64857:5
  callWithDebugContext@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:66071:39
  debugCheckAndUpdateView@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:65611:12
  ../../../core/@angular/core.es5.js/http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:62782:9
  ../../../core/@angular/core.es5.js/http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:57420:58
  ../../../core/@angular/core.es5.js/http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:57420:13
  next/<@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:57297:100
  ../../../../zone.js/dist/zone.js/http://localhost:8888/polyfills.bundle.js:2936:17
  onInvoke@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:56503:24
  ../../../../zone.js/dist/zone.js/http://localhost:8888/polyfills.bundle.js:2935:17
  ../../../../zone.js/dist/zone.js/http://localhost:8888/polyfills.bundle.js:2686:24
  ../../../core/@angular/core.es5.js/http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:56434:54
  next@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:57297:70
  ../../../core/@angular/core.es5.js/http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:56248:36
  ../../../../rxjs/Subscriber.js/SafeSubscriber.prototype.__tryOrUnsub@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:1558:13
  ../../../../rxjs/Subscriber.js/SafeSubscriber.prototype.next@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:1505:17
  ../../../../rxjs/Subscriber.js/Subscriber.prototype._next@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:1445:9
  ../../../../rxjs/Subscriber.js/Subscriber.prototype.next@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:1409:13
  ../../../../rxjs/Subject.js/Subject.prototype.next@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:1153:17
  ../../../core/@angular/core.es5.js/http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:56234:54
  checkStable@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:56468:13
  onLeave@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:56547:5
  onInvokeTask@http://localhost:8888/vendor.bundle.js:56497:17
  ../../../../zone.js/dist/zone.js/http://localhost:8888/polyfills.bundle.js:2968:17
  ../../../../zone.js/dist/zone.js/http://localhost:8888/polyfills.bundle.js:2736:28
  ../../../../zone.js/dist/zone.js/http://localhost:8888/polyfills.bundle.js:3043:24
  invokeTask@http://localhost:8888/polyfills.bundle.js:3915:9
  globalZoneAwareCallback@http://localhost:8888/polyfills.bundle.js:3933:17

这意味着从 NgLoopDirective 注入到 NgDNDirective 的 Renderer2 实例，不包含 setAttribute 方法。这为什么会发生？

更多信息：

  
ng -v
      _                      _                 ____ _     _    / \   _ __   __ _ _   _| | __ _ _ __     / | |   | |   / △ \ | ' \ / _| | | | |/ _ | '|   | |   | |    | |  /  \| | | | (| | || | |
  (| | |      | || | | | //   __| ||__, |__,||__,||

  ____|_____||
                 |/ @angular/cli: 1.2.3 node: 6.11.0 os: linux x64 @angular/animations: 4.3.3 @angular/common: 4.3.3 @angular/compiler:
  4.3.3 @angular/core: 4.3.3 @angular/forms: 4.3.3 @angular/http: 4.3.3 @angular/platform-browser: 4.3.3 @angular/platform-browser-dynamic:
  4.3.3 @angular/router: 4.3.3 @angular/cli: 1.2.3 @angular/compiler-cli: 4.3.3 @angular/language-service: 4.3.3

答案＃1

Renderer2#setAttribute(el, name, value) 最终会调用 el.setAttribute(name, value)。错误提示的意思是传给 el 的参数没有 setAttribute() 方法。这是因为它是一个 ElementRef 实例。

你应该传递实际的 DOM 元素：

this.renderer.setAttribute(this.elRef.nativeElement, ...)